ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION
Introduction
If someone exhibits indications of an anaphylactic response, respond swiftly. True anaphylaxis is a medical emergency that requires rapid care in a hospital emergency department, where the person may be continuously monitored and life-saving therapy can be administered.
- It is impossible to foresee the severity of an allergic reaction .
Anyone experiencing anaphylactic symptoms should be taken to a hospital emergency department.
- If swelling develops rapidly, particularly involving the mouth or throat, and you have trouble breathing or feel dizzy, light-headed, or faint, call for ambulance transport to the hospital.
- While awaiting the ambulance, administer self-treatment
Self-Care at Home
Do not attempt to treat severe reaction wait it out" at home. Go immediately to the nearest emergency department or call an ambulance.
While waiting for the ambulance, try to stay calm
- If you can identify the cause of the reaction, prevent further exposure.
- Take an antihistamine (one to two tablets or capsules of diphenhydramine [Benadryl]) if you can swallow without difficulty.
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If you have wheezing or difficulty breathing, try an inhaled bronchodilator such albuterol (Proventil) or epinephrine (Primatene Mist) if it is available.
- If you are dizzy or faint, lie down and elevate your legs higher than your head to increase blood flow to your brain.
- If you have been given an epinephrine kit, inject yourself as you have been instructed or have someone else perform the injection.
The package includes a premeasured dose of epinephrine, a prescription drug that quickly reverses the most severe symptoms of anaphylaxis (see Follow-up).
- Bystanders should administer CPR to a person who becomes unconscious and stops breathing or does not have a pulse.
If at all possible, you or your companions should be prepared to tell medical personnel what medications you take and your allergy history.