Suture Care
Introduction
Sutures, commonly known as stitches, are the primary method for closing cuts and wounds. Alternatively, healthcare providers may employ skin adhesives, glue, Steri-Strips, butterfly bandages, or sometimes leave the skin open in specific cases.
- In certain situations, a highly contaminated or dirty wound may be left alone temporarily with the intention to suture it later.
- These wound closure methods are employed only after thorough irrigation (washing) of the laceration and the removal of any foreign debris or dirt.
- Sutures are used when applicable to close the wound. Suture materials are categorized as either absorbable or nonabsorbable.
- Absorbable sutures dissolve over time.
- Nonabsorbable sutures must be removed within a specified time as directed by your doctor.
Suture Home Care
Regardless of the suture type, suture care is generally similar.
- Initially, ensure the wound remains clean and as dry as possible. Avoid submerging or soaking the wound in water. This means refraining from activities such as swimming, dishwashing (unless you wear thick rubber gloves), taking baths, or using hot tubs until the stitches are removed. This period typically lasts around 2 weeks if absorbable sutures were used.
- Leave the original bandages on the wound for the first 24 hours. After this period, it is recommended to shower or rinse the area instead of taking baths.
- After the first day, replace old bandages and gently cleanse the wound with soap and water or a mixture of equal parts hydrogen peroxide and water (half-strength peroxide). Cleaning the wound twice a day helps prevent debris buildup, which can lead to a more pronounced scar, make suture removal slightly painful, or increase the risk of infection.
When to Go to the Hospital
If you notice signs or symptoms of infection or experience any other reasons to see your doctor, and your doctor cannot see you promptly (on the same day), you should visit the hospital's emergency department for an examination and further treatment.
Prognosis
All lacerations will heal even if left untreated. Suturing merely accelerates the healing process and results in a more favorable cosmetic outcome.
- All wounds leave a scar as they heal. The scar's visibility depends on various factors, including the wound's orientation in relation to tension lines, the presence of infection, and adherence to the recommended suture removal timeline provided by your doctor.
- Exposure to sunlight within the first 6 months can lead to permanent discoloration of the wound. This can be prevented by applying sunscreen (SPF 15 or higher) to the area during this period.
- For individuals who have not completed the primary series of tetanus shots, it is essential to follow recommendations for additional tetanus immunization. Wound contamination remains the most common source of tetanus development, which can be life-threatening.