Introduction
High blood pressure
is often referred to as the "silent killer." It typically doesn't exhibit specific symptoms, but it silently strains the major organs in the body and poses a significant risk for both
heart attacks
and
strokes
.
Blood pressure
elevation due to renal artery stenosis follows a similar pattern, but the reduced blood flow to the
kidneys
over time can lead to kidney damage. Decreased renal function, also known as azotemia, may manifest with symptoms like fatigue, malaise, and slight confusion, which result from a gradual accumulation of waste products in the body.
Healthcare providers may suspect renal artery stenosis if high
blood pressure
first appears in an individual over the age of 50 or under the age of 30.
During a physical examination, the presence of a bruit, which is a rustling sound produced by turbulent blood flow, may provide a clue. If an artery is narrowed, it can cause turbulence as blood flows through the constriction, resulting in a noise resembling the rapids in a river.
This noise is termed a bruit.
Renal artery stenosis may also be considered as a potential cause of high
blood pressure
if multiple anti-
hypertension
medications have failed to effectively control the condition.
Follow-up
Regardless of the treatment approach, it is crucial to minimize risk factors for further artery narrowing. This involves taking measures to control:
The likelihood of restenosis also depends on the severity of the condition. The more severe the stenosis at the time of diagnosis, the higher the risk that the artery may eventually become completely blocked.
Outlook
Renal artery stenosis is a potential reversible cause of high
blood pressure
.
This diagnosis may be suspected in individuals with
hypertension
that is difficult to manage.
Diagnosis is typically confirmed through imaging of the artery using methods such as ultrasound, computerized tomography, or arteriography.
Treatment options may include medical or surgical interventions.
Reducing risk factors plays a vital role in minimizing the risk of restenosis.