Understanding Brain Infections
Early detection and treatment are crucial when dealing with brain infections. Many symptoms of conditions like meningitis and other central nervous system infections can resemble those of other illnesses. Don't panic. In newborns, meningitis may manifest as common symptoms like excessive crying, excessive sleep, poor feeding, restlessness, and lethargy. If you suspect meningitis or another brain-related illness, consult your healthcare provider without delay.
If an individual with an illness experiences an altered level of consciousness with high fever, respiratory distress, severe headache accompanied by vomiting, new seizures, or if your baby appears lethargic with poor feeding, high fever, and vomiting, dial 911.
At-Home Care
If you suspect a brain infection in your household, first contact your doctor or call 911 for emergency services and follow their guidance.
To reduce fever, use cooling methods and fever-reducing medications. If the person is vomiting, place them on their side to prevent choking on vomit and inhalation.
Avoid strenuous activities and ensure the patient gets proper bed rest. Always follow your doctor's instructions.
Prevention
Most types of meningitis are unpredictable and cannot be prevented. However, there are vaccines available against specific bacteria.
Hib vaccines are safe and highly effective, included in routine immunizations for infants and children.
Pneumococcal meningitis and additional infections can be prevented through vaccination. While it's not effective for children under 2 years, it's recommended for those over 65 and younger individuals with certain chronic medical conditions.
In the United States, there isn't a standard vaccination against meningococcal meningitis. However, it's used preventively for travelers heading outside the US, to curb outbreaks in specific regions of the country, and in crowded settings like college dormitories. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides information on recommended areas for this vaccine.