Name
HEPATITIS-E DISEASE
DESCRIPTION
DETAIL
D.D. : - ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS - AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS - BILE DUCT STRICTURES - BILIARY OBSTRUCTION - BUDD-CHIARI SYNDROME - CHOLANGITIS - HEPATITIS-B DISEASE - HEPATITIS-C DISEASE - HEPATITIS-D DISEASE - HEPATITIS-E DISEASE - HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, CONJUGATED - ISONIAZID HEPATOTOXICITY - INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS -PRIMARY & SECONDARY HEPATIC MALIGNANCY - ISCHAEMIC HEPATITIS - DRUG INDUCED HEPATITIS - WILSON DISEASE - RHEUMATIC & SKIN MANIFESTATIONS MAY SUGGEST IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDER -------------------------------------------------------------------------- CAUSES: Hepatitis E virus * ANTI-HEV IMMUNOGLOBULIN M & G - TO DIFFERENTIATE ACUTE & CHRONIC INFECTION * WESTERN BLOT TEST & ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS TO DETECT ANTI-HEV ANTIBODIES * HEV - RNA TEST
TYPENOTES
SPREADS THROUGH ORAL ROUTE ONLY.Medical Care: " Therapy should be predominantly preventive, relying on clean drinking water, good sanitation, and proper personal hygiene. " Travelers to endemic areas should avoid drinking water or other beverages that may be contaminated and should avoid eating uncooked shellfish. Care should be taken while preparing uncooked fruits or vegetables. Boiling water may prevent infection, but the effectiveness of chlorination is unknown. " No immunoprophylaxis is available. Immunoglobulin from infected patients is not effective in preventing outbreaks or sporadic cases. " Prototype vaccines are being developed using animal models. To date, this is hindered by an inability to maintain the virus in cell cultures. " Once infection occurs, therapy is limited to support. Provide patients with adequate hydration and electrolyte repletion. Hospitalization is indicated only for patients unable to maintain oral intake. Diet: " The acute illness may result in anorexia, nausea, and vomiting, predisposing patients to dehydration. " These symptoms tend to be worse in the afternoon or evening. Patients should attempt to ingest significant calories in the morning. As they improve, frequent small meals may be better tolerated. " Hospitalization should be considered for patients with dehydration. " Neither multivitamins nor specific dietary requirements are required. Activity: " Patients should be allowed to function at whatever levels they can tolerate. " No evidence indicates that bedrest hastens recovery. It actually may retard recovery. Prognosis: " No chronic cases of acute hepatitis E have been reported. The infection is self-limited. " Whether protective immunoglobulins develop against future reinfection remains unknown.
RELATED DISEASE
Not Available Disease
DISEASE
INVESTIGATION
ULTRA SOUND WHOLE ABDOMEN - MALE, COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT, LIVER FUNCTION TEST