MALIC ACID IS USED IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS AS AN ACIDIFIER, FLAVOUR, AND AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO CITRIC ACID IN EFFERVESCENT POWDERS. IT IS USED WITH BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE AS AN ANTOXIDANT IN VEGETABLE OILS. IT IS USED TOPICALLY WITH BENZOIC ACID AND SALICYLIC ACID FOR DESLOUGHING OF ULCERS, BURNS, AND WOUNDS, AND SYSTEMICALLY WITH ARGININE IN PREPARATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIVER DISORDERS. PASTILLES CONTAINING MALIC ACID ARE ALSO USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DRY MOUTH.